The 44-year-old Jamaican will leave his post as technical director of the Jamaica Cricket Board to take up his new role in early February.
Adams appeared for the West Indies in 54 Tests during 1992-2001, scoring 3012 runs with 6 centuries, his highest 208 not out against New Zealand in 1996 and an average of 41.26.
He also played in 127 ODIs scoring 2204 runs, his highest 82 at an average of 28.62 .As an allrounder he captured 27 Test wickets and 43 in ODIs.
He was captain of the West Indies team in 15 Tests during 2000 -2001 and also in 26 ODIs during 1999-2001. He was afterwards appointed coach to the West Indies Under-19 squad.
Adams said " I am delighted to be given this opportunity as head coach at Kent Cricket. They are a county with a proud history and tradition".